(Vatican Radio ) To mark the day the Church remembers Saint Thérèse of Lisieux on
October 1st, we bring you an English translation of Pope Benedict XVI' s words focusing
on this Doctor of the Church during his weekly general audience of the 6th April
2011. Dear Brothers and Sisters, Today I would like to talk to you about
St Thérèse of Lisieux, Thérèse of the Child Jesus and of the Holy Face, who lived
in this world for only 24 years, at the end of the 19th century, leading a very simple
and hidden life but who, after her death and the publication of her writings, became
one of the best-known and best-loved saints. “Little Thérèse” has never stopped helping
the simplest souls, the little, the poor and the suffering who pray to her. However,
she has also illumined the whole Church with her profound spiritual doctrine to the
point that chose, in 1997, to give her the title “Doctor of the Church”, in addition
to that of Patroness of Missions, which had already attributed to her in 1939. My
beloved Predecessor described her as an “expert in the scientia amoris” (, n. 42).
Thérèse expressed this science, in which she saw the whole truth of the faith shine
out in love, mainly in the story of her life, published a year after her death with
the title The Story of a Soul. The book immediately met with enormous success, it
was translated into many languages and disseminated throughout the world. I would
like to invite you to rediscover this small-great treasure, this luminous comment
on the Gospel lived to the full! The Story of a Soul, in fact, is a marvellous story
of Love, told with such authenticity, simplicity and freshness that the reader cannot
but be fascinated by it! But what was this Love that filled Thérèse’s whole life,
from childhood to death? Dear friends, this Love has a Face, it has a Name, it is
Jesus! The Saint speaks continuously of Jesus. Let us therefore review the important
stages of her life, to enter into the heart of her teaching. Thérèse was born on
2 January 1873 in Alençon, a city in Normandy, in France. She was the last daughter
of Louis and Zélie Martin, a married couple and exemplary parents, who were beatified
together on 19 October 2008. They had nine children, four of whom died at a tender
age. Five daughters were left, who all became religious. Thérèse, at the age of four,
was deeply upset by the death of her mother (Ms A 13r). Her father then moved with
his daughters to the town of Lisieux, where the Saint was to spend her whole life.
Later Thérèse, affected by a serious nervous disorder, was healed by a divine grace
which she herself described as the “smile of Our Lady” (ibid., 29v-30v). She then
received her First Communion, which was an intense experience (ibid., 35r), and made
Jesus in the Eucharist the centre of her life. The “Grace of Christmas” of 1886
marked the important turning-point, which she called her “complete conversion” (ibid.,
44v-45r). In fact she recovered totally, from her childhood hyper-sensitivity and
began a “to run as a giant”. At the age of 14, Thérèse became ever closer, with great
faith, to the Crucified Jesus. She took to heart the apparently desperate case of
a criminal sentenced to death who was impenitent. “I wanted at all costs to prevent
him from going to hell”, the Saint wrote, convinced that her prayers would put him
in touch with the redeeming Blood of Jesus. It was her first and fundamental experience
of spiritual motherhood: “I had such great trust in the Infinite Mercy of Jesus”,
she wrote. Together with Mary Most Holy, young Thérèse loved, believed and hoped with
“a mother’s heart” (cf. Pr 6/ior). In November 1887, Thérèse went on pilgrimage
to Rome with her father and her sister Céline (ibid., 55v-67r). The culminating moment
for her was the Audience with , whom she asked for permission to enter the Carmel
of Lisieux when she was only just 15. A year later her wish was granted. She became
a Carmelite, “to save souls and to pray for priests” (ibid., 69v). At the same
time, her father began to suffer from a painful and humiliating mental illness. It
caused Thérèse great suffering which led her to contemplation of the Face of Jesus
in his Passion (ibid., 71rc). Thus, her name as a religious — Sr Thérèse of the Child
Jesus and of the Holy Face — expresses the programme of her whole life in communion
with the central Mysteries of the Incarnation and the Redemption. Her religious profession,
on the Feast of the Nativity of Mary, 8 September 1890, was a true spiritual espousal
in evangelical “littleness”, characterized by the symbol of the flower: “It was the
Nativity of Mary. What a beautiful feast on which to become the Spouse of Jesus! It
was the little new-born Holy Virgin who presented her little Flower to the little
Jesus” (ibid., 77r). For Thérèse, being a religious meant being a bride of Jesus
and a mother of souls (cf. Ms B, 2v). On the same day, the Saint wrote a prayer which
expressed the entire orientation of her life: she asked Jesus for the gift of his
infinite Love, to be the smallest, and above all she asked for the salvation of all
human being: “That no soul may be damned today” (Pr 2). Of great importance is
her Offering to Merciful Love, made on the Feast of the Most Holy Trinity in 1895
(Ms A, 83v-84r; Pr 6). It was an offering that Thérèse immediately shared with her
sisters, since she was already acting novice mistress. Ten years after the “Grace
of Christmas” in 1896, came the “Grace of Easter”, which opened the last period of
Thérèse’s life with the beginning of her passion in profound union with the Passion
of Jesus. It was the passion of her body, with the illness that led to her death through
great suffering, but it was especially the passion of the soul, with a very painful
trial of faith (Ms C, 4v-7v). With Mary beside the Cross of Jesus, Thérèse then lived
the most heroic faith, as a light in the darkness that invaded her soul. The Carmelite
was aware that she was living this great trial for the salvation of all the atheists
of the modern world, whom she called “brothers”. She then lived fraternal love
even more intensely (8r-33v): for the sisters of her community, for her two spiritual
missionary brothers, for the priests and for all people, especially the most distant.
She truly became a “universal sister”! Her lovable, smiling charity was the expression
of the profound joy whose secret she reveals: “Jesus, my joy is loving you” (P 45/7).
In this context of suffering, living the greatest love in the smallest things of daily
life, the Saint brought to fulfilment her vocation to be Love in the heart of the
Church (cf. Ms B, 3v). Thérèse died on the evening of 30 September 1897, saying
the simple words, “My God, I love you!”, looking at the Crucifix she held tightly
in her hands. These last words of the Saint are the key to her whole doctrine, to
her interpretation of the Gospel the act of love, expressed in her last breath was
as it were the continuous breathing of her soul, the beating of her heart. The simple
words “Jesus I love you”, are at the heart of all her writings. The act of love for
Jesus immersed her in the Most Holy Trinity. She wrote: “Ah, you know, Divine Jesus
I love you / The spirit of Love enflames me with his fire, / It is in loving you that
I attract the Father” (P 17/2). Dear friends, we too, with St Thérèse of the Child
Jesus must be able to repeat to the Lord every day that we want to live of love for
him and for others, to learn at the school of the saints to love authentically and
totally. Thérèse is one of the “little” ones of the Gospel who let themselves be led
by God to the depths of his Mystery. A guide for all, especially those who, in the
People of God, carry out their ministry as theologians. With humility and charity,
faith and hope, Thérèse continually entered the heart of Sacred Scripture which contains
the Mystery of Christ. And this interpretation of the Bible, nourished by the science
of love, is not in opposition to academic knowledge. The science of the saints, in
fact, of which she herself speaks on the last page of her The Story of a Soul, is
the loftiest science. “All the saints have understood and in a special way perhaps
those who fill the universe with the radiance of the evangelical doctrine. Was it
not from prayer that St Paul, St Augustine, St John of the Cross, St Thomas Aquinas,
Francis, Dominic, and so many other friends of God drew that wonderful science which
has enthralled the loftiest minds?” (cf. Ms C 36r). Inseparable from the Gospel, for
Thérèse the Eucharist was the sacrament of Divine Love that stoops to the extreme
to raise us to him. In her last Letter, on an image that represents Jesus the Child
in the consecrated Host, the Saint wrote these simple words: “I cannot fear a God
who made himself so small for me! […] I love him! In fact, he is nothing but Love
and Mercy!” (LT 266). In the Gospel Thérèse discovered above all the Mercy of
Jesus, to the point that she said: “To me, He has given his Infinite Mercy, and it
is in this ineffable mirror that I contemplate his other divine attributes. Therein
all appear to me radiant with Love. His Justice, even more perhaps than the rest,
seems to me to be clothed with Love” (Ms A, 84r). In these words she expresses
herself in the last lines of The Story of a Soul: “I have only to open the Holy Gospels
and at once I breathe the perfume of Jesus’ life, and then I know which way to run;
and it is not to the first place, but to the last, that I hasten…. I feel that even
had I on my conscience every crime one could commit… my heart broken with sorrow,
I would throw myself into the arms of my Saviour Jesus, because I know that he loves
the Prodigal Son” who returns to him. (Ms C, 36v-37r). “Trust and Love” are therefore
the final point of the account of her life, two words, like beacons, that illumined
the whole of her journey to holiness, to be able to guide others on the same “little
way of trust and love”, of spiritual childhood (cf. Ms C, 2v-3r; LT 226). Trust,
like that of the child who abandons himself in God’s hands, inseparable from the strong,
radical commitment of true love, which is the total gift of self for ever, as the
Saint says, contemplating Mary: “Loving is giving all, and giving oneself” (Why I
love thee, Mary, P 54/22). Thus Thérèse points out to us all that Christian life consists
in living to the full the grace of Baptism in the total gift of self to the Love of
the Father, in order to live like Christ, in the fire of the Holy Spirit, his same
love for all the others.