Human Rights violations in Syria dramatically increased – UN panel
September 18, 2012: The scale and frequency of gross human rights violations in Syria
has significantly increased in recent weeks, according to a new report by the United
Nations independent panel probing abuses committed during the country’s ongoing conflict. The
report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry (CoI) on Syria, which
was mandated by the Geneva-based UN Human Rights Council, states that indiscriminate
attacks against civilians are now occurring on a daily basis in many areas of the
country including Aleppo, Damascus, Dera, Larakia, Idlib and Homs. “Gross violations
of human rights have grown in number, in pace and in scale,” the Chair of the Commission,
Paulo Pinheiro, the Council Monday morning. “Civilians, many of them children, are
bearing the brunt of the spiralling violence.” Syria has been wracked by violence,
with an estimated 19,000 people, mostly civilians, killed since the uprising against
President Bashar al-Assad began some 18 months ago. Mr. Pinheiro said the report,
which is based on the Commission’s investigations and interviews conducted up until
two weeks ago, had found reasonable grounds to believe that Government forces and
members of the Government-controlled militia known as the Shabiha, had committed war
crimes, gross violations against human rights and crimes against humanity. Violations
conducted by Government forces include murder, summary executions, torture, arbitrary
arrest and detention, sexual violence, violations of children’s rights, pillaging
and destruction of civilian objects – including hospitals and schools. Anti-Government
armed groups have also committed war crimes, including murder and torture, Mr. Pinheiro
said. In addition, children under 18 years of age are fighting and performing auxiliary
roles for anti-Government armed groups. A confidential list of individuals and
units that are believed to be responsible for violations will be provided to the UN
High Commissioner for Human Rights, Navi Pillay. However, Mr. Pinheiro said the names
would not be publicly released because suspects were entitled to the presumption of
innocence and because there is no mechanism in place yet to hold perpetrators responsible
where allegations could be contested. The report also states that the socio-economic
situation has further deteriorated, with 2.5 million people in need of humanitarian
aid, and more than 1.2 million people internally displaced, half of which are children,
according to the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (). Mr. Pinheiro
stressed that the situation was worsening in part due to the cumulative effect of
conflict and economic sanctions. “The Commission maintains that sanctions result in
a denial of the most basic human rights to Syrians. Scarcity of basic human needs
such as potable water food, electricity, petrol and cooking fuel is causing rampant
inflation,” he said. In addition, Mr. Pinheiro warned that the conflict is spilling
over into neighbouring countries, threatening stability and security in the region,
and called on the international community to deploy renewed efforts to support the
mission of the Joint Special Representative of the UN and the League of Arab States,
Lakhdar Brahimi, to stop the violence and find a durable solution to the crisis. Faysal
Khabbaz Hamoui of Syria said the Government regretted that the Commission’s report
was “neither accurate nor objective” and that many testimonies in the report have
no legal value. He also stated that many international parties are working to worsen
the crisis by “instigating the media and training, funding and sending mercenaries
to Syria.” Mr. Hamoui added that Syria had cooperated with all initiatives to settle
the crisis but terrorist groups in the country had no interest in reform or democracy
and sought only to fragment the Middle East. During the same meeting, High Commissioner
Navi Pillay introduced the report of the Secretary-General on the human rights situation
in Syria and called on all parties to immediately stop the violence. She also echoed
Mr. Pinheiro’s remarks by urging cooperation with Mr. Brahimi to find a solution to
the crisis. Established in September last year, the Commission has conducted more
than 1,100 interviews and has delivered six reports and updates to the Human Rights
Council on the situation in Syria.