Mg;hpf;f mbik tpahghu xopg;G jpdk;

 

Mf];l: 22: Mg;hpf;f mbik tpahghuk; xopf;fg;gl;lij epidT$Uk; cyf jpdk; Mf];l; 23e;Njjp filgpbf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;ehis Kd;dpl;L nra;jp ntspapl;l And];Nfh vDk; I.ehtpd; fy;tp> mwptpay; kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu ,af;FdH nfha;fpNuh kj;r;#uh> fle;j fhy nfh^ukhd mbikj;jd mikg;GKiw ,f;fhyj;jpYk; mePjpfSf;Fk; ghFghl;bw;Fk; njhlHe;J jPdp NghLfpwJ vd;whH.

mbikj;jdj;jpd; kdpjhgpkhdkw;w mikg;G Kiwf;F vjpuhdr; nray;fspy;

gphpj;jhdpa fhydp ehLfspy; mbikj;jdk; xopf;fg;gl;ljd; 200k; Mz;L 2007y;  epidT$ug;gLtJ gw;wpAk; Fwpg;gpl;l mtH> ghlg; Gj;jfq;fspYk; fy;tpj; jpl;lq;fspYk; xyp xsp ehlh epfo;r;rpfs; %ykhfTk; mbikj;jdk; gw;wpa tpopg;GzHT nfhLf;fg;gLkhWk; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhH.

1791k; Mz;L Mf];l; 22 kw;Wk; 23k; NjjpfSf;F ,ilg;gl;l ,utpy; rhe;j;Njh njhkpq;Nfh vd;w ,lj;jpy; mbikj;jdj;jpw;F vjpuhd Kjy; vOr;rp vOe;jJ. mJNt nfa;l;b ehl;Lg; Gul;rpf;Fk; fhuzkhdJ. fhPgpad; jPTfshd jw;Nghija nfa;l;b kw;Wk; njhkpdpf;fd; FbauNr mf;fhyj;jpa rhe;j;Njh njhkpq;Nfh MFk;.

,t;ntOr;rpfspd; tpisthf gphpl;ld; fhydp ehLfspy; 1807k; Mz;bYk; mnkhpf;f If;fpa ehl;by; 1865Mk; Mz;bYk; ,t;tbikj;jdk; epWj;jg;gl;lJ. 

vdpDk; 1888 Mk; Mz;by; gpNurpypy; mbikj;jdk; jil nra;ag;gl;l gpd;dNu mnkhpf;ff; fz;lj;jpy; mbik tpahghuk; rl;lg;gb ,uj;J nra;ag;gl;lJ.  

Mg;hpf;ff; fz;lj;jpypUe;J fhPgpad; jPTfSf;Fk;> tl mnkhpf;fhTf;Fk;> njd; mnkhpf;fhTf;Fnkd ml;yhz;bf; ngUq;fly; topNa fg;gy;fspy; mbikfshff; nfhz;L tug;gl;l Mz;fs;> ngz;fs;> Foe;ijfs; MfpNahhpd; rhpahd vz;zpf;ifia xUNghJk; fzf;fpl;Lr; nrhy;y KbahJ. ,Ue;j NghjpYk; ,t;ntz;zpf;if xU Nfhb Kjy; 2 NfhbNa 80 ,yl;rk; NgH tiu ,Uf;fyhk; vd;W xU fzf;nfLg;G $WfpwJ.

mf;fhyj;jpy; INuhg;gpaHfs; ,e;j mbik tpahghuj;ij kjkhw;wk; vd;w mbg;gilapy;; epahag;gLj;jTk; nra;jdH. mbikfshff; nfhz;Ltug;gl;l Mg;hpf;fHfisf; fpwp];jtj;jpw;F kjk; khw;Wtjd; %yk; mtHfisf; fhg;ghw;wyhk; vd;Wk; nrhy;yp te;jdH vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. INuhg;gpaHfs; kl;Lky;yhky; K];yPk; tpahghhpfSk; Vwj;jho xU NfhbNa 70 ,yl;rk; Mg;hpf;f mbikfis ,e;jpag; ngUq;fly; flw;fiug; gFjp> kj;jpa fpof;Fg; gFjp kw;Wk; tl Mg;hpf;fhTf;F Vw;Wkjp nra;Js;sdH.

Mg;hpf;f mbik tpahghuk; gyUf;F ngUk; nghUisAk;

INuhg;gpa tzpfHfs; jq;fsJ cw;gj;jp nghUl;fis Nkw;F Mg;hpf;f flw;fiuf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;W mtw;wpw;Fg; gjpyhf mbikfis thq;fp te;jdH. ,e;j mbikfis mnkhpf;fhtpy; ngUe;njhiff;F tpw;W gzk; nropg;ghd tho;f;if tho;e;J te;jdH. NkYk; mbikfis Ntiy thq;Ftjw;nfd mnkhpf;fhtpy; Gjpa njhopw;rhiyfSk; cUthfpd.

,d;Dk; mbik tpahghuk; kj;jpa Mg;hpf;fhTf;Fs;Ns ngUk; kf;fs; nfhe;jspg;ig Vw;gLj;jpaJ. flw;fiuNahu goq;Fb kf;fs; mbikfisr; #iwahLk; FOf;fsplkpUe;J jg;gpj;Jr; nrd;wdH. ,t;thW jg;gpj;Jr; nry;Yk; nghOJ ifJ nra;ag;gl;l mbikfs; Mg;hpf;fhtpd; gy gFjpfSf;Fk; gfpHe;jspf;fg;gl;ldH. ,e;j mbik tpahghuk; khyp> fhdh Nghd;w rf;jpkpf;f Nkw;F Mg;hpf;f Kbahl;rpfs; cUthfTk; fhuzkhf mike;jd.

rpy tuyhw;W MrphpaHfspd; $w;Wg;gb 1500f;Fk; 1900f;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l Mz;Lfspy; 50 ,yl;rk; Mg;hpf;f mbikfs; nrq;fly;> rfhuh> fpof;F Mg;hpf;fh Mfpa gFjpfs; topahf cyfpd; gpw gFjpfSf;F mbikfshf tpahghuk; nra;ag;gl;ldH. Mg;hpf;fhtpypUe;J kw;w fz;lq;fSf;F fg;gy;fs; topahf mioj;Jr; nry;yg;gL Kd;dH ,lk; ngw;w rz;ilfs; kw;Wk; fl;lha mzptFg;Gfspy; Fiwe;jJ 40 ,yl;rk; NgH ,we;Js;sdH.

1666-1776 y; Mq;fpNyaHfshy; kl;Lk; Mq;fpNya g;nuQ;r; ];ghdpa Mfpa fhydpfSf;F 30 ,yl;rk; mbikfs; ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;ldH. ,j;jifa fg;gy; gazj;jpy; 2 ,yl;rj;J Ik;gjhapuk; NgH ,we;jdH.

1680-1786 y; mnkhpf;fhtpypUe;j Mq;fpNya fhydpfSf;nfd 21 ,yl;rj;J 30 Mapuk; mbikfs; ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;ldH. ,tHfspy; [nka;f;fhTf;F kl;Lk; 6 ,yl;rj;J 10 Mapuk; mbikfs; ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;ldH.

1716-1756 y;; mnkhpf;f fhydpfSf;nfd 70 Mapuk; NgH cl;gl 35 ,yl;rk; NgH ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;ldH.

1752-1762 y; [nka;f;fh kl;Lk; 71 Mapuj;j 115 mbikfs; ,wf;Fkjp nra;jJ.

1759-1762 y; FthjhYhg;Ng; kl;Lk; 40 Mapuk; mbikfs; ,wf;Fkjp nra;jJ.

1776-1800 y; mnkhpf;f fhydpfSf;nfd Mz;Lf;F 74 Mapuk; mbikfs; vd ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;ldH.