Pope Francis to Brazilian Bishops: Are we still a Church capable of warming hearts?
Rio, July 28, 2013: Pope Francis had a joyful but challenging message for the Bishops
of Brazil on Saturday. As part of World Youth Day festivities, the Holy Father took
the opportunity to meet with the world’s largest episcopate, at the Archbishop’s House.
Pope Francis thanked the Bishops for allowing him to speak as “one among friends”.
For that reason, he said, he spoke in his native Spanish, in order “to better express
what I carry in my heart.”
Pope Francis spoke first about the miracle of Aparecida,
the miracle at the heart of Brazil’s religious history. “Aparecida offers us a perennial
teaching about God and about the Church.” Recalling the events of the miraculous discovery
of a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary by a group of poor fisherman, he noted that
God always enters clothed in poverty, in littleness.”
He noted, too, that,
from the beginning, “God’s message was one of restoring what was broken, reuniting
what had been divided.”
But Aparecida also reminds us about the need to embrace
mystery. Too often, he said, we reduce mystery to rational explanations; we must wait
for God to reveal the mystery for us.
There is much we can learn from Aparecida,
the Pope said, “about a Church which makes room for God’s mystery; a Church which
harbours that mystery in such a way that it can entice people, attract them.”
“Dear
Brothers,” he reminded the Bishops, “the results of our pastoral work do not depend
on a wealth of resources, but on the creativity of love.”
The Holy Father went
on to speak about the great love the Bishops of Rome have always had for Brazil, recalling
especially the care of Blessed John XXIII, Paul VI, and John Paul II for their nation.
He went on to speak about the Gospel story of Emmaus, and the two disciples who left
Jerusalem after the Crucifixion, only to encounter Jesus on their way. “We need a
Church,” he said, unafraid of going forth into their night. We need a Church capable
of meeting them on their way. We need a Church capable of entering into their conversation.”
And he asked, “Are we still a Church capable of warming hearts?”
Pope Francis
concluded his remarks by emphasizing several challenges facing “the beloved Church
of Brazil.” He highlighted the need for formation, of Bishops, priests, religious,
and laity. He called, too, for collegiality and solidarity within the Episcopal Conference,
calling for a true unity in diversity. And the Holy Father noted that the Church has
a permanent missionary aspect, joined to the need for pastoral conversion.
He
spoke, too, about the role of the Church in society. “In the context of society, there
is only one thing the Church quite clearly demands: the freedom to proclaim the Gospel
in its entirety, even when it runs counter to the world, even when it goes against
the tide.”
Finally, Pope Francis spoke about the Amazon Basin as a litmus test
for Church and society in Brazil. “I would like to invite everyone to reflect on what
Aparecida said about the Amazon Basin, its forceful appeal for respect and protection
of the entire creation which God has entrusted to man, not so that it can be indiscriminately
exploited, but rather made into a garden.”
The Pope concluded his remarks:
“Dear brother Bishops, I have attempted to offer you in a fraternal spirit some reflections
and approaches for a Church like that of Brazil, which is a great mosaic made up of
different pieces, images, forms, problems and challenges, but which for this very
reason is an enormous treasure. The Church is never uniformity, but diversities harmonized
in unity, and this is true for every ecclesial reality.”
Below, please find
the full text of the Holy Father’s address to the assembled Bishop: Apostolic Journey
of Pope Francis to Brazil Address of the Holy Father Meeting with the Bishops
of Brazil Rio de Janeiro – Archbishop’s House, 28 July 2013
Dear Brothers,
How
good it is to be here with you, the Bishops of Brazil!
Thank you for coming,
and please allow me to speak with you as one among friends. That’s why I prefer to
speak to you in Spanish, so as to express better what I carry in my heart. I ask you
to forgive me.
We are meeting somewhat apart, in this place prepared by our
brother, Archbishop Orani Tempesta, so that we can be alone and speak to one another
from the heart, as pastors to whom God has entrusted his flock. On the streets of
Rio, young people from all over the world and countless others await us, needing to
be reached by the merciful gaze of Christ the Good Shepherd, whom we are called to
make present. So let us enjoy this moment of repose, exchange of ideas and authentic
fraternity.
Beginning with the President of the Episcopal Conference and the
Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro, I want to embrace each and every one of you, and in
a particular way the Emeritus Bishops.
More than a formal address, I would
like to share some reflections with you.
The first came to mind when I visited
the shrine of Aparecida. There, at the foot of the statue of the Immaculate Conception,
I prayed for you, your Churches, your priests, men and women religious, seminarians,
laity and their families and, in a particular way, the young people and the elderly:
these last are the hope of a nation; the young, because they bring strength, idealism
and hope for the future; the elderly because they represent the memory, the wisdom
of the people.
1. Aparecida: a key for interpreting the Church’s mission
In
Aparecida God gave Brazil his own Mother. But in Aparecida God also offered a lesson
about himself, about his way of being and acting. A lesson about the humility which
is one of God’s essential features, part of God’s DNA. Aparecida offers us a perennial
teaching about God and about the Church; a teaching which neither the Church in Brazil
nor the nation itself must forget.
At the beginning of the Aparecida event,
there were poor fishermen looking for food. So much hunger and so few resources. People
always need bread. People always start with their needs, even today.
They have
a dilapidated, ill-fitted boat; their nets are old and perhaps torn, insufficient.
First
comes the effort, perhaps the weariness, of the catch, yet the results are negligible:
a failure, time wasted. For all their work, the nets are empty.
Then, when
God wills it, he mysteriously enters the scene. The waters are deep and yet they always
conceal the possibility of a revelation of God. He appeared out of the blue, perhaps
when he was no longer expected. The patience of those who await him is always tested.
And God arrived in a novel fashion, since he can always reinvent himself: as a fragile
clay statue, darkened by the waters of the river and aged by the passage of time.
God always enters clothed in poverty, littleness.
Then there is the statue
itself of the Immaculate Conception. First, the body appeared, then the head, then
the head was joined to the body: unity. What had been broken is restored and becomes
one. Colonial Brazil had been divided by the shameful wall of slavery. Our Lady of
Aparecida appears with a black face, first separated, and then united in the hands
of the fishermen.
Here there is an enduring message which God wants to teach
us. His own beauty, reflected in his Mother conceived without original sin, emerges
from the darkness of the river. In Aparecida, from the beginning, God’s message was
one of restoring what was broken, reuniting what had been divided. Walls, chasms,
differences which still exist today are destined to disappear. The Church cannot neglect
this lesson: she is called to be a means of reconciliation.
The fishermen do
not dismiss the mystery encountered in the river, even if it is a mystery which seems
incomplete. They do not throw away the pieces of the mystery. They await its completion.
And this does not take long to come. There is a wisdom here that we need to learn.
There are pieces of the mystery, like the stones of a mosaic, which we encounter,
which we see. We are impatient, anxious to see the whole picture, but God lets us
see things slowly, quietly. The Church also has to learn how to wait.
Then
the fishermen bring the mystery home. Ordinary people always have room to take in
the mystery. Perhaps we have reduced our way of speaking about mystery to rational
explanations; but for ordinary people the mystery enters through the heart. In the
homes of the poor, God always finds a place.
The fishermen “bundle up” the
mystery, they clothe the Virgin drawn from the waters as if she were cold and needed
to be warmed. God asks for shelter in the warmest part of ourselves: our heart. God
himself releases the heat we need, but first he enters like a shrewd beggar. The fishermen
wrap the mystery of the Virgin with the lowly mantle of their faith. They call their
neighbours to see its rediscovered beauty; they all gather around and relate their
troubles in its presence and they entrust their causes to it. In this way they enable
God’s plan to be accomplished: first comes one grace, then another; one grace leads
to another; one grace prepares for another. God gradually unfolds the mysterious humility
of his power.
There is much we can learn from the approach of the fishermen.
About a Church which makes room for God’s mystery; a Church which harbours that mystery
in such a way that it can entice people, attract them. Only the beauty of God can
attract. God’s way is through enticement, allure. God lets himself be brought home.
He awakens in us a desire to keep him and his life in our homes, in our hearts. He
reawakens in us a desire to call our neighbours in order to make known his beauty.
Mission is born precisely from this divine allure, by this amazement born of encounter.
We speak about mission, about a missionary Church. I think of those fishermen calling
their neighbours to see the mystery of the Virgin. Without the simplicity of their
approach, our mission is doomed to failure.
The Church needs constantly to
relearn the lesson of Aparecida; she must not lose sight of it. The Church’s nets
are weak, perhaps patched; the Church’s barque is not as powerful as the great transatlantic
liners which cross the ocean. And yet God wants to be seen precisely through our resources,
scanty resources, because he is always the one who acts.
Dear brothers, the
results of our pastoral work do not depend on a wealth of resources, but on the creativity
of love. To be sure, perseverance, effort, hard work, planning and organization all
have their place, but first and foremost we need to realize that the Church’s power
does not reside in herself; it is hidden in the deep waters of God, into which she
is called to cast her nets.
Another lesson which the Church must constantly
recall is that she cannot leave simplicity behind; otherwise she forgets how to speak
the language of Mystery. Not only does she herself remain outside the door of the
mystery, but she proves incapable of approaching those who look to the Church for
something which they themselves cannot provide, namely, God himself. At times we lose
people because they don’t understand what we are saying, because we have forgotten
the language of simplicity and import an intellectualism foreign to our people. Without
the grammar of simplicity, the Church loses the very conditions which make it possible
“to fish” for God in the deep waters of his Mystery.
A final thought: Aparecida
took place at a crossroads. The road which linked Rio, the capital, with São Paulo,
the resourceful province then being born, and Minas Gerais, the mines coveted by the
courts of Europe, was a major intersection in colonial Brazil. God appears at the
crossroads. The Church in Brazil cannot forget this calling which was present from
the moment of her birth: to be a beating heart, to gather and to spread.
2.
Appreciation for the path taken by the Church in Brazil
The Bishops of Rome
have always had a special place in their heart for Brazil and its Church. A marvellous
journey has been accomplished. From twelve dioceses during the First Vatican Council,
it now numbers 275 circumscriptions. This was not the expansion of an organization
or a business enterprise, but rather the dynamism of the Gospel story of the “five
loaves and two fish” which, through the bounty of the Father and through tireless
labour, bore abundant fruit.
Today I would like to acknowledge your unsparing
work as pastors in your local Churches. I think of Bishops in the forests, travelling
up and down rivers, in semiarid places, in the Pantanal, in the pampas, in the urban
jungles of your sprawling cities. Always love your flock with complete devotion! I
also think of all those names and faces which have indelibly marked the journey of
the Church in Brazil, making palpable the Lord’s immense bounty towards this Church.
The
Bishops of Rome were never distant; they followed, encouraged and supported this journey.
In recent decades, Blessed John XXIII urged the Brazilian Bishops to draw up their
first pastoral plan and, from that beginning a genuine pastoral tradition arose in
Brazil, one which prevented the Church from drifting and provided it with a sure compass.
The Servant of God Paul VI encouraged the reception of the Second Vatican Council
not only in fidelity but also in creativity (cf. the CELAM General Assembly in Medellin),
and decisively influenced the self-identity of the Church in Brazil through the Synod
on evangelization and that basic point of reference which is the Apostolic Exhortation
Evangelii Nuntiandi. Blessed John Paul II visited Brazil three times, going up and
down the country, from north to south, emphasizing the Church’s pastoral mission,
communion and participation, preparation for the Great Jubilee and the new evangelization.
Benedict XVI chose Aparecida as the site of the Fifth CELAM General Assembly and this
left a profound mark on the Church of the whole continent.
The Church in Brazil
welcomed and creatively applied the Second Vatican Council, and the course it has
taken, though needing to overcome some teething problems, has led to a Church gradually
more mature, open, generous and missionary.
Today, times have changed. As the
Aparecida document nicely put it: ours is not an age of change, but a change of age.
So today we urgently need to keep putting the question: what is it that God is asking
of us? I would now like to sketch a few ideas by way of a response.
3. The
icon of Emmaus as a key for interpreting the present and the future
Before
all else, we must not yield to the fear once expressed by Blessed John Henry Newman:
“… the Christian world is gradually becoming barren and effete, as land which has
been worked out and is become sand”. We must not yield to disillusionment, discouragement
and complaint. We have laboured greatly and, at times, we see what appear to be failures.
We feel like those who must tally up a losing season as we consider those who have
left us or no longer consider us credible or relevant.
Let us read once again,
in this light, the story of Emmaus (cf. Lk 24:13-15). The two disciples have left
Jerusalem. They are leaving behind the “nakedness” of God. They are scandalized by
the failure of the Messiah in whom they had hoped and who now appeared utterly vanquished,
humiliated, even after the third day (vv. 17-21). Here we have to face the difficult
mystery of those people who leave the Church, who, under the illusion of alternative
ideas, now think that the Church – their Jerusalem – can no longer offer them anything
meaningful and important. So they set off on the road alone, with their disappointment.
Perhaps the Church appeared too weak, perhaps too distant from their needs, perhaps
too poor to respond to their concerns, perhaps too cold, perhaps too caught up with
itself, perhaps a prisoner of its own rigid formulas, perhaps the world seems to have
made the Church a relic of the past, unfit for new questions; perhaps the Church could
speak to people in their infancy but not to those come of age. It is a fact that nowadays
there are many people like the two disciples of Emmaus; not only those looking for
answers in the new religious groups that are sprouting up, but also those who already
seem godless, both in theory and in practice.
Faced with this situation, what
are we to do?
We need a Church unafraid of going forth into their night. We
need a Church capable of meeting them on their way. We need a Church capable of entering
into their conversation. We need a Church able to dialogue with those disciples who,
having left Jerusalem behind, are wandering aimlessly, alone, with their own disappointment,
disillusioned by a Christianity now considered barren, fruitless soil, incapable of
generating meaning.
A relentless process of globalization, an often uncontrolled
process of urbanization, have promised great things. Many people have been captivated
by the potential of globalization, which of course does contain positive elements.
But many also completely overlook its darker side: the loss of a sense of life’s meaning,
personal dissolution, a loss of the experience of belonging to any “nest” whatsoever,
subtle but relentless violence, the inner fragmentation and breakup of families, loneliness
and abandonment, divisions, and the inability to love, to forgive, to understand,
the inner poison which makes life a hell, the need for affection because of feelings
of inadequacy and unhappiness, the failed attempt to find an answer in drugs, alcohol,
and sex, which only become further prisons.
Many, too, have sought shortcuts,
for the standards set by Mother Church seem to be asking too much. Many people think:
“the Church’s idea of man is too lofty for me, the ideal of life which she proposes
is beyond my abilities, the goal she sets is unattainable, beyond my reach. Nonetheless
– they continue – I cannot live without having at least something, even a poor imitation,
of what is too lofty for me, what I cannot afford. With disappointed hearts, they
then go off in search of someone who will lead them even further astray.
The
great sense of abandonment and solitude, of not even belonging to oneself, which often
results from this situation, is too painful to hide. Some kind of release is necessary.
There is always the option of complaining: however did we get to this point? But even
complaint acts like a boomerang; it comes back and ends up increasing one’s unhappiness.
Few people are still capable of hearing the voice of pain; the best we can do is to
anaesthetize it.
Today, we need a Church capable of walking at people’s side,
of doing more than simply listening to them; a Church which accompanies them on their
journey; a Church able to make sense of the “night” contained in the flight of so
many of our brothers and sisters from Jerusalem; a Church which realizes that the
reasons why people leave also contain reasons why they can eventually return. But
we need to know how to interpret, with courage, the larger picture.
I would
like all of us to ask ourselves today: are we still a Church capable of warming hearts?
A Church capable of leading people back to Jerusalem? Of bringing them home? Jerusalem
is where our roots are: Scripture, catechesis, sacraments, community, friendship with
the Lord, Mary and the apostles… Are we still able to speak of these roots in a way
that will revive a sense of wonder at their beauty?
Many people have left because
they were promised something more lofty, more powerful, and faster.
But what
is more lofty than the love revealed in Jerusalem? Nothing is more lofty than the
abasement of the Cross, since there we truly approach the height of love! Are we still
capable of demonstrating this truth to those who think that the apex of life is to
be found elsewhere?
Do we know anything more powerful than the strength hidden
within the weakness of love, goodness, truth and beauty?
People today are attracted
by things that are faster and faster: rapid Internet connections, speedy cars and
planes, instant relationships. But at the same time we see a desperate need for calmness,
I would even say slowness. Is the Church still able to move slowly: to take the time
to listen, to have the patience to mend and reassemble? Or is the Church herself caught
up in the frantic pursuit of efficiency? Dear brothers, let us recover the calm to
be able to walk at the same pace as our pilgrims, keeping alongside them, remaining
close to them, enabling them to speak of the disappointments present in their hearts
and to let us address them. They want to forget Jerusalem, where they have their sources,
but eventually they will experience thirst. We need a Church capable of accompanying
them on the road back to Jerusalem! A Church capable of helping them to rediscover
the glorious and joyful things that are spoken of Jerusalem, and to understand that
she is my Mother, our Mother, and that we are not orphans! We were born in her. Where
is our Jerusalem, where were we born? In Baptism, in the first encounter of love,
in our calling, in vocation.
We need a Church capable of restoring citizenship
to her many children who are journeying, as it were, in an exodus.
4. Challenges
facing the Church in Brazil
In the light of what I have said above, I would
like to emphasize several challenges facing the beloved Church in Brazil.
Formation
as a priority: Bishops, priests, religious, laity
Dear brothers, unless we
train ministers capable of warming people’s hearts, of walking with them in the night,
of dialoguing with their hopes and disappointments, of mending their brokenness, what
hope can we have for our present and future journey? It isn’t true that God’s presence
has been dimmed in them. Let us learn to look at things more deeply. What is missing
is someone to warm their heart, as was the case with the disciples of Emmaus (cf.
Lk 24:32).
That is why it is important to devise and ensure a suitable formation,
one which will provide persons able to step into the night without being overcome
by the darkness and losing their bearings; able to listen to people’s dreams without
being seduced and to share their disappointments without losing hope and becoming
bitter; able to sympathize with the brokenness of others without losing their own
strength and identity.
What is needed is a solid human, cultural, effective,
spiritual and doctrinal formation. Dear brother Bishops, courage is needed to undertake
a profound review of the structures in place for the formation and preparation of
the clergy and the laity of the Church in Brazil. It is not enough that formation
be considered a vague priority, either in documents or at meetings. What is needed
is the practical wisdom to set up lasting educational structures on the local, regional
and national levels and to take them to heart as Bishops, without sparing energy,
concern and personal interest. The present situation calls for quality formation at
every level. Bishops may not delegate this task. You cannot delegate this task, but
must embrace it as something fundamental for the journey of your Churches.
Collegiality
and solidarity in the Episcopal Conference
The Church in Brazil needs more
than a national leader; it needs a network of regional “testimonies” which speak the
same language and in every place ensure not unanimity, but true unity in the richness
of diversity.
Communion is a fabric to be woven with patience and perseverance,
one which gradually “draws together the stitches” to make a more extensive and thick
cover. A threadbare cover will not provide warmth.
It is important to remember
Aparecida, the method of gathering diversity together. Not so much a diversity of
ideas in order to produce a document, but a variety of experiences of God, in order
to set a vital process in motion.
The disciples of Emmaus returned to Jerusalem,
recounting their experience of meeting the risen Christ. There they came to know other
manifestations of the Lord and the experiences of their brothers and sisters. The
Episcopal Conference is precisely a vital space for enabling such an exchange of testimonies
about encounters with the Risen One, in the north, in the south, in the west… There
is need, then, for a greater appreciation of local and regional elements. Central
bureaucracy is not sufficient; there is also a need for increased collegiality and
solidarity. This will be a source of true enrichment for all.
Permanent state
of mission and pastoral conversion
Aparecida spoke about a permanent state
of mission and of the need for pastoral conversion. These are two important results
of that Assembly for the entire Church in the area, and the progress made in Brazil
on these two points has been significant.
Concerning mission, we need to remember
that its urgency derives from its inner motivation; in other words, it is about handing
on a legacy. As for method, it is essential to realize that a legacy is about witness,
it is like the baton in a relay race: you don’t throw it up in the air for whoever
is able to catch it, so that anyone who doesn’t catch it has to manage without. In
order to transmit a legacy, one needs to hand it over personally, to touch the one
to whom one wants to give, to relay, this inheritance.
Concerning pastoral
conversion, I would like to recall that “pastoral care” is nothing other than the
exercise of the Church’s motherhood. She gives birth, suckles, gives growth, corrects,
nourishes and leads by the hand … So we need a Church capable of rediscovering the
maternal womb of mercy. Without mercy we have little chance nowadays of becoming part
of a world of “wounded” persons in need of understanding, forgiveness, love.
In
mission, also on a continental level, it is very important to reaffirm the family,
which remains the essential cell of society and the Church; young people, who are
the face of the Church’s future; women, who play a fundamental role in passing on
the faith. Let us not reduce the involvement of women in the Church, but instead promote
their active role in the ecclesial community. By losing women, the Church risks becoming
sterile.
The task of the Church in society
In the context of society,
there is only one thing which the Church quite clearly demands: the freedom to proclaim
the Gospel in its entirety, even when it runs counter to the world, even when it goes
against the tide. In so doing, she defends treasures of which she is merely the custodian,
and values which she does not create but rather receives, to which she must remain
faithful.
The Church claims the right to serve man in his wholeness, and to
speak of what God has revealed about human beings and their fulfilment. The Church
wants to make present that spiritual patrimony without which society falls apart and
cities are overwhelmed by their own walls, pits, barriers. The Church has the right
and the duty to keep alive the flame of human freedom and unity.
Education,
health, social harmony are pressing concerns in Brazil. The Church has a word to say
on these issues, because any adequate response to these challenges calls for more
than merely technical solutions; there has to be an underlying view of man, his freedom,
his value, his openness to the transcendent. Dear brother Bishops, do not be afraid
to offer this contribution of the Church, which benefits society as a whole.
The
Amazon Basin as a litmus test for Church and society in Brazil
There is one
final point on which I would like to dwell, which I consider relevant for the present
and future journey not only of the Brazilian Church but of the whole society, namely,
the Amazon Basin. The Church’s presence in the Amazon Basin is not that of someone
with bags packed and ready to leave after having exploited everything possible. The
Church has been present in the Amazon Basin from the beginning, in her missionaries
and religious congregations, and she is still present and critical to the area’s future.
I think of the welcome which the Church in the Amazon Basin is offering even today
to Haitian immigrants following the terrible earthquake which shook their country.
I
would like to invite everyone to reflect on what Aparecida said about the Amazon Basin,
its forceful appeal for respect and protection of the entire creation which God has
entrusted to man, not so that it be indiscriminately exploited, but rather made into
a garden. In considering the pastoral challenge represented by the Amazon Basin, I
have to express my thanks for all that the Church in Brazil is doing: the Episcopal
Commission for the Amazon Basin established in 1997 has already proved its effectiveness
and many dioceses have responded readily and generously to the appeal for solidarity
by sending lay and priestly missionaries. I think Archbishop Jaime Chemelo, a pioneer
in this effort, and Cardinal Hummes, the current President of the Commission. But
I would add that the Church’s work needs to be further encouraged and launched afresh.
There is a need for quality formators, especially professors of theology, for consolidating
the results achieved in the area of training a native clergy and providing priests
suited to local conditions and committed to consolidating, as it were, the Church’s
“Amazonian face”.
Dear brother Bishops, I have attempted to offer you in a
fraternal spirit some reflections and approaches for a Church like that of Brazil,
which is a great mosaic made up of different pieces, images, forms, problems and challenges,
but which for this very reason is an enormous treasure. The Church is never uniformity,
but diversities harmonized in unity, and this is true for every ecclesial reality.
May
the Virgin of Aparecida be the star which illumines your task and your journey of
bringing Christ, as she did, to all the men and women of your immense country. Just
as he did for the two lost and disillusioned disciples of Emmaus, he will warm your
hearts and give you new and certain hope.