jpUj;je;ijapd; gpNurpy; ehl;Lf;fhd Kjy; ehisa jpUg;gazk;

 

Nk 09: jpUj;je;ij 16k; ngdbf;l;> cyfpd;; fj;Njhypf;fHfis mjpfkhff; nfhz;l gpNurpy; ehl;Lf;fhd jkJ Ie;J ehs; jpUg;gazj;ij ,g;Gjd; Nuhk; Neuk; fhiy 9 kzp 8 epkplq;fSf;Fj; njhlq;fpdhH. cyfpd; Vwj;jho 110 Nfhb fj;Njhypf;fhpd; jiytuhf 2005k; Mz;L Vg;uypy; gzpNaw;w gpd;dH ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;fhTf;nfd mtH Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Kjy; jpUg;gazk; kw;Wk; 6tJ ntspehl;Lj; jpUg;gazKkhf ,J mike;Js;sJ. Nuhk; ypNahdhHNjh jh tpd;r;rp rHtNjr tpkhd epiyaj;jpy; jpUr;rig kw;Wk; ,j;jhyp muRg; gpuKfHfs; mtiu tho;j;jp topaDg;gp itf;f My;,j;jhypah Nghapq; 777 tpkhdj;jpy; gpNurpy; ehl;L rh gTNyh efUf;fhd Vwj;jho 12kzp 30epkpl Neug; gazj;ijj; njhlq;fpdhH. mtNuhL tj;jpf;fhd; ehl;Lr; nrayH fHjpdhy; jHr;rPrpNah ngHj;NjhNd> GdpjH epiyf;F caHj;Jtjw;fhd  Nguhaj; jiytH fHjpdhy; NfhNr riua;th khHl;bd;];> jpUj;je;ijapd; ,U nrayHfs;   cs;spl;l jpUr;rig gpuKfHfs;> 70 gj;jphpifahsHfs; vdg; gyH mtNuhL gazk; nra;jdH. tpkhdg; gazk; njhlq;fpa rpy kzpNeuj;jpy; 70 gj;jphpifahsHfs; Kd; epd;W mtHfsJ 11 Nfs;tpfSf;F 25 epkplq;fspy; 7 nkhopfspy; gjpy; mspj;jhH.

 

cyff; fj;Njhypf;fhpy; Vwj;jho ghjpg; NgH thOk; ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;fhTf;Fj; jpUj;je;ij jpUg;gazk; Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F mtH fUf;fiyg;Gf;F Mjuthf Xl;lspf;Fk; murpay;thjpfs;> jpUew;fUizia mUe;jf; $lhJ. Vnddpy; mg;ghtpf; Foe;ijiaf; nfhy;Yk; nraiyr; nra;tJk; fpwp];Jtpd; jpUcliy mUe;JtJk; xd;Wf;nfhd;W KuzhdJ. vdNt murpay;thjpfs; jpUew;fUiz mUe;JtjpypUe;J tpyf;fg;gLfpwhHfs; vd;whH. NkYk; ,g;gazj;ij Kd;dpl;L jhd; fle;J nrd;w g;uhd;];> my;[Phpah> nkshpj;jhdpah> nrdfy; Mfpa ehLfspd; muRj; jiytHfSf;F me;ehLfspd; kPJ tpkhdk; gwe;j Neuj;jpy; tho;j;Jk; MrPUk; toq;Fk; je;jpr; nra;jpfisAk; mDg;gpdhH. ,j;jhyp muRj; jiytH [hHN[h ehg;Nghypj;jhNdhTf;Fk; nra;jp mDg;gpdhH. mtUk; jpUj;je;ijf;F mDg;gpa ed;wpr; nra;jpapy;> ngUk; kdpj kw;Wk; ,aw;if tsq;fisf; nfhz;l ehL  gpNurpy; vd;Wk;> mJ Kd;Ndwj; Jbf;Fk; ehL> mNj Ntis me;ehl;L kf;fs; kj;jpapy; fLk; Vo;ikAk; rkj;Jtkpd;ikAk; mjpfkhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;Wk Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shH.

 

ePz;lnjhU tpkhdg; gazj;jpd; NghJ ,t;thW rpy epfo;Tfis epfo;j;jpa jpUj;je;ij 16k; ngdbf;l;> cs;SH Neuk; Gjd; khiy 4.30 kzpf;F> mjhtJ ,e;jpa Neuk; tpahod; mjpfhiy xU kzpf;Fg; gpNurpy; ehl;bd; rh gTNyh FthUy;Nfhy;irr; (Guarulhos) nrd;wile;jhH. 1985y; jpwf;fg;gl;l ,r;rHtNjr tpkhd epiyak; njd; mnkhpf;fhtpd; tpahghug; Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;F kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdjhfr; nray;gl;L tUfpwJ. 23 Mapuk; NgH gzp nra;Ak; ,t;tpkhd epiyak; topahf Xt;nthU ehSk; RkhH xU ,yl;rk; NgH gazk; nra;fpd;wdH. jpUj;je;ijia tuNtw;gjw;F gpNurpy; muRj;jiytH Yhap]; ,d;dhrpNah Yhyh jh rpy;th cs;spl;l gy muR kw;Wk; jpUr;rig; gpuKfHfs; te;jpUe;jdH. ,uhZt mzptFg;G khpahij cs;spl;l xU ehl;Lj; jiytUf;fhd midj;J khpahijfSk; tpkhdj;jsj;jpy; jpUj;je;ijf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;ld.

 

rh gTNyh FthUy;Nfhy;]; rHtNjr tpkhdj;jsj;jpy; jdpahf mikf;fg;gl;lbUe;j Nkilapy; jpUj;je;ij mku> Kjypy; muRj; jiytH Yhyh mtiu tuNtw;Wg; NgrpdhH.

 

,e;j ehs; kwf;f Kbahj kw;Wk; kfpo;r;rpahd ehs;. cyf Vo;ikia xopg;gjw;Fk; kdpj tho;itg; ghJfhj;J mikjpiaAk; ey;ypzf;fj;ijAk; Cf;Ftpg;gjw;Fk; d jpUj;je;ijNa! ePH mjpf Kaw;rp vLj;J tUfpwPH. gpNurpy; jpUr;rigAk; Vo;ikia xopg;gjw;Fk; FLk;g kjpg;gPLfisf; fhg;gjw;Fk; r%f Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;Fk; mjpf Kaw;rp vLj;J tUfpwJ. murk; jpUr;rigapd; ,e;eltbf;iffSf;F MjuT mspj;J tUfpd;wJ. Fwpg;ghf ,isNahhpd; fy;tpf;F muR mjpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J tUfpwJ vd;W Yhyh NgrpdhH. mjd; gpd;dH jpUj;je;ijAk; gpNurpy; ehl;Lf;fhd jkJ Kjy; ciuiaj; njhlq;fpdhH. mjd; jkpohf;fj;jpd; RUf;fj;jpid ,g;NghJ Nfl;Nghk;.

 

Kjypy; midtUf;Fk; jdJ tho;j;Jf;fisr; nrhd;d jpUj;je;ij> G+Nfhs hPjpahfg; nghpa ehlhf ,Uf;Fk; ,q;F fj;Njhypf;fH ngUk;ghd;ikapduhf ,Ug;gJ ehl;bd; nghJ eyDf;fhfj; jdpg;gl;l rpwg;ghd Kiwapy; mtHfs; gq;fhw;w miog;G tpLf;fpwJ. tUq;fhy mikjp kw;Wk; ek;gpf;ifiaf; fl;b vOg;Gtjpy; ehk; midtUk; jPtpukhf ek;ik mHg;gzpf;Fk; NghJjhd; “xUikg;ghL” vd;gjd; KO mHj;jk; ntspg;gLk;. jd; xNu kfdpy; kdpjFyk; KOtijAk; xNu FLk;gkhf khw;w KaYk; ,iwj;je;ijapd; md;gpd; rhl;rpfshf tpsq;ff; fj;Njhypf;fj; jpUr;rig miog;Gg; ngw;Ws;sJ. ,q;fpUe;Jjhd; mikjp kw;Wk; ePjpf;fhfg; gzpGhptjd; topahf jpUr;rigapd; ew;nra;jp mwptpg;Gg; gzpf;fhd mHg;gzk; njhlq;FfpwJ. ,g;gpd;dzpapy;jhd; kf;fs; tho;T ngWtij Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;l ,e;j 5tJ ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;f kw;Wk; fhPgpad; MaH Nguitf; $l;lk; Jtf;fg;glTs;sJ. ,e;j vdJ jpUg;gazk; mbg;gilapy; kj Kf;fpaj;Jtk; epiwe;jJ. ,e;ehl;bYk; ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;fh KOtjpYk; ,k;kf;fspd; Md;kh fpwp];jt kjpg;gPLfisf; fl;bf; fhg;ghw;wp tUfpwJ vd;gij ehd; mwpNtd;. mg;ghnurpjhtpy; eilngwTs;s MaH Nguitf; $l;lj;jpy; tho;tpw;fhd kjpg;G> mjhtJ fUtpy; cUthdJ Kjy; ,aw;if kuzk; tiu tho;tpw;fhd kjpg;G  Cf;Ftpf;fg;gLtjd;top GJg;gyk; ngWk; vd ek;GfpNwd;. ,f;$l;lj;jpy; Viofs; kw;Wk; iftplg;gl;NlhUldhd xUikg;ghLk; Cf;Ftpf;fg;gl;L gyk; ngWk;. kf;fspd; Rje;jpu KbTfSf;F cjTk; tz;zkhd Fbkf;fspd; kdr;rhd;iw cUthf;Ftjw;Fk;> xt;nthU #o;epiyapYk; fhzg;gLk; xOf;fhPjp kjpg;gPLfis typAWj;Jtjw;Fk; jpUr;rig Kay;fpwJ. r%fj;jpd; mbg;gilf; $whf ,Uf;Fk; FLk;gk; gyg;gLj;jg;gLtjw;Fk; xU ehl;bd; tUq;fhykhf ,Uf;Fk; ,isa rKjhak; ed;Kiwapy; cUthf;fg;gLtjw;Fk; vd;nwd;Wk; jpUr;rig typAWj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. mNjNtis r%fj;jpd; vy;yh kl;lj;jpYk; ,Uf;Fk; cahpa kjpg;gPLfisf; Fwpg;ghfg; G+HtPff; Fbkf;fspd; kjpg;gPLfisg; ghJfhj;J Cf;Ftpf;fg;gjw;Fj; jpUr;rig coif;Fk;.

,t;thW $wpa jpUj;je;ij> mg;ghnurpjh khpad;id kw;Wk; ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;fg; ghJfhtypahk; FthjhYhg;Ng khpad;idapd; ghJfhtiy mg;gFjp kf;fSf;fhfr; nrgpj;J gpNurpy; ehl;bw;fhdj; jdJ Kjy; ciuia epiwT nra;jhH.

 

gy;yhapuf;fzf;fhd kf;fs; nfhl;Lk; kioapy;; gy ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;f ehLfspd; nfhbfisg; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;L jpUj;je;ijia tuNtw;gjw;fhff; fhj;J epd;wdH. ,t;tpkhd epiya tuNtw;G epfo;r;rpfs; Kbe;j gpd;dH mq;fpUe;J 20 fpNyh kPl;lH njhiytpYs;s rh gTNyhtpd; fhk;g;Ngh nj khHj;Nj tpkhd epiyaj;jpw;F nfypfhg;lhpy; nrd;whH. rh gTNyh efiuj; jkpopy;; Jha gTy; efuk; vd;W nrhy;y yhk;. ,e;efH cyfpd; kpfg; nghpa efuq;fspy; Ie;jhtJ nghpa efukhFk;.

 

cs;SH Neuk; Gjd; khiy 6 kzpf;F mjhtJ ,e;jpa Neuk; tpahod; fhiy 2.30 kzpastpy; rh gTNyh nrd;w jpUj;je;ijia me;efH NkaH> khefuhl;rp jiytH> tpkhd epiyaj; jiytH MfpNahH tuNtw;wdH. efhpd; rhtpia efu NkaH jpUj;je;ijf;F mspf;f> khefuhl;rp jiytH jpUj;je;ijf;F efhpd; nfsutf; Fbkfd; chpikg; gj;jpuj;ij toq;fpdhH. mjd; gpd;dH mq;fpUe;J 5 fpNyh kPl;lhpYs;s rh gTNyh Jha ngdbf;l; JwT klk; nrd;whH jpUj;je;ij 16k; ngdbf;l;. ,j;JwT klk; gpNurpy; ehl;bYs;s kpfg; goikahd JwT ,y;yq;fspy; xd;whFk;. ,J njhlq;fg;gl;ljd; 400k; Mz;L 1998y; rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,q;F JwtpaUld; NrHe;J rpwpJ Neuk; nrgk; nra;jhH jpUj;je;ij.

 

rpwpJ Neu Xa;Tf;Fg; gpd;dH mk;klj;jpd; Kd;dH $bapUe;j Vwj;jho 20 Mapuk; tpRthrpfis mt;tplj;J ghy;fdp topahf tho;j;jp jkJ MrPiuAk; mspj;jhH jpUj;je;ij 16k; ngdbf;l;.

 

“ez;gHfNs! cq;fs; ghrkpF tuNtw;G jpUj;je;ijapd; ,jaj;jpw;F ,jkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. vdf;F tho;j;Jr; nrhy;tjw;fhf ,q;F fhj;jpUf;Fk; cq;fSf;F vdJ neQ;rhHe;j ed;wp. ,e;ehl;fs; cq;fSf;Fk; jpUr;rigf;Fk; czHTfs; epiwe;j ehl;fshf> kfpo;r;rp fye;j ehl;fshf ,Uf;Fk;. jpUr;rig ,e;ehl;fspy; jpUtpoh czHtpy; cs;sJ. gpNurpYf;Fk; ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;fhTf;Fkhd vdJ ,k;Kjy; jpUg;gazj;jpd; fdpfSf;fhf> cyfpd; xt;nthU %iyapypUe;Jk; kf,fs; nrgpj;J tUfpd;wdH. ,iwabahH fhy;tht;Tf;F GdpjH gl;lk; toq;FtJk; ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;f kw;Wk; fhPgpadpd; xd;wpize;j MaHfspd; 5tJ Nguitg; nghJf; $l;lj;ijj; njhlq;fp itg;gJk; jpUr;rig tuyhw;wpy; iky; fw;fshf ,Uf;Fk;. ehd; cq;fisAk; cq;fs; nrgq;fisAk; ek;gpAs;Nsd; vdj; jdJ rpw;Wiuia toq;fpdhH” jpUj;je;ij.

 

gpd;dH Jha ngdbf;l; JwT klj;jpy; ,uT cztUe;jpdhH jpUj;je;ij. ePz;lnjhU tpkhdg; gazk; nra;j 80 taJ epuk;gpa jpUj;je;ij gpNurpy; ehl;Lf;fhd Kjy; ehisa epfo;r;rpfis Kbj;J cwq;fr; nrd;whH. ,e;j 5 ehs; jpUg;gazj;jpd; ,uz;lhtJ ehshfpa ,t;tpahod; gaz epfo;r;rpfs; cs;SH Neuk; fhiy 8 kzpf;F mjhtJ ,e;jpa Neuk; tpahod; khiy 4.30 kzpf;Fj; njhlq;fpd. gpNurpy; ehl;Lf;Fk; ,e;jpahTf;Fk; ,ilNaahd fhy ,ilntsp 8 kzp 30 epkplq;fshFk;. jpUj;je;ijapd; ,g;gaz ghJfhg;Gf;nfd 3000 gil tPuHfSk; 5000 fhty;JiwapdUk; gzpapy; cs;sdH. ,e;ehl;fspd; epfo;Tfs; gw;wpa nra;jpfis toq;Ftjw;F 3300 gy nkhopg; gj;jphpifahsHfs; rh gTNyh efUf;Fr; nrd;Ws;sdH vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

 

gpNurpy; muRj; jiytH Yhyhitr; re;jpg;gJ> gy fpwp];jt kw;Wk; gpw rkag; gpujpepjpfisr; re;jpg;gJ> me;ehl;bd; 427 MaHfSld; kjpa czT mUe;JtJ> ,isNahiur; re;jpg;gJ Nghd;wit ,e;j ,uz;lhtJ ehspd; Kf;fpa gaz epfo;r;rpfshFk;.

 

gpNurpy; ehL> g;nuQ;r; fahdh Rhpdhk;> fahdh> ntdpRNtyh> nfhyk;gpah> ngU nghyptpah guhFtha; mHn[d;bdh cUFtha; Mfpa ehLfis vy;iyfshff; nfhz;l ,aw;iftsk; kpf;f mofhd ehlhFk;. 1500k; Mz;L [dthp 26e;Njjp   ];ghdpa fg;gy; gazp tpnrd;jNJ ahnd]; gpd;Nrhd; vd;w Kjy; INuhg;gpaH gpNurpypy; fhyb gjpj;jhH. vdpDk; mNj Mz;L Vg;uy; 22e;Njjp mg;G+kpapy; fhyb gjpj;j Ngj;Nuh my;thnu]; fhg;uhy; vd;w INuhg;gpaNu gpNurpypy; Eioe;j Kjy; INuhg;gpaH vd;W gutyhf Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,q;F G+HtPf ,dj;jtH Fiwe;jJ 8000 Mz;Lfshf tho;e;J tUtjhfr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. INuhg;gpaHfs; mq;F Kjd; Kjyhfr; nrd;w NghJ ,e;jg; G+HtPf ,dj;jtH me;ehL KOtJk; ehNlhbfshf Ntl;ilahbAk; kPd;gpbj;Jk; Ntshz;njhopy; nra;Jk; tho;e;J te;jdH. ,tHfis G+HtPf ,e;jpaHfs; vd;W INuhg;gpaHfs; mioj;jdH. INuhg;gpaHfs; mq;F FbNawpa gpd;dH ,k;kf;fs; nfhiyfs;> mbikj;jdk;> ,lg;ngaHT> Neha;fs; Nghd;w ,d;dy;fshy; Jd;Gw;W ,we;Jtpl;lhYk;> ,d;Wk; fzprkhd njhifapdH mNkrhd; gUtkiof; fhl;Lg; gFjpapy; jq;fsJ goq;;fhy tho;Tg; gof;fq;fSld; tho;e;J tUfpd;wdH. 

 

1822k; Mz;L NghHj;Jf;fy; ehl;blkpUe;J Rje;jpuk; ngw;w gpNurpy; NguuR> 1889 y; FbauR ehlhdJ.  1891 y; murpay; rhrdk; vOjg;gl;lJ. 1964y; ,lk; ngw;w Ml;rp ftpo;g;gpy; rHthjpfhu Ml;rp eil ngw;W kPz;Lk; 1985y; [dehaf ehlhdJ. njd; mnkhpf;fhtpy; kpfg; nghpa ehlhd gpNurpy; 26 khepyq;fshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd; jiyefH gpNurpypah vd;gjhFk;. mjpfhug;G+Ht nkhop NghHj;Jf;fPrpak; MFk;. ,e;ehl;bd; Vwj;jho 18NfhbNa 41 ,yl;rj;J 80 Mapuk; kf;fspy; 84.5 tpOf;fhl;bdH fj;Njhypf;fH. ehl;L kjKk; fj;Njhypf;fk; MFk;.

,f;fj;Njhypf;fhpy; fzprkhNdhH jw;rkak; gpw fpwp];jt rigfSf;Fr; nrd;W nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdH. vdNt ,tHfis tpRthrj;jpy; Mog;gLj;jTk; ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;f kw;Wk; fhPgpad; ehLfspd; MaHfs; Nguitapd; 5tJ nghJf; $l;lj;ijj; njhlq;fp itf;fTnkd ,g;gazj;ij Nkw; nfhz;Ls;shH jpUj;je;ij. mthpd; Nehf;fk; ntw;wp ngw ,iwtdplk; nrgpg;Nghk;.

 

jpUj;je;ij 12k; gj;jpehjuhy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l ,t;thaH Nguit Kjd; Kjyhf 1955y; gpNurpypd; hpNah nj [dpapNuhtpy; $l;lg;gl;lJ. mjd; gpd;dH ,J nfhyk;gpahtpy; 1968Yk; nkf;rpNfhtpy; 1979Yk; rhd; njhkpq;Nfhtpy; 1992Yk; eilngw;wd. tUk; Qhapwd;W ,g;Nguitia mg;ghnurpjhtpy; njhlq;fp itf;fpwhH jpUj;je;ij 16k; ngdbf;l;.