jpUj;je;ij 16 Mk; MrPHthjg;ghpd;  Nghye;J jpUg;gazk; -“tpRthrj;jpy; cWjpahapUq;fs;:”

 

jpUj;je;ij 2k; mUs; rpd;dg;ghpd; ePz;lfhy ez;gH> ePz;l fhy cld; ciog;ghsH> MNyhrfH> ekJ kpf md;Gf;Fhpa jpUj;je;ij ,uz;lhk; mUs; rpd;dg;gH vd;W tha; epiwa nrhy;yp kfpo;gtH. mtHjhd; jpUj;je;ij 16k; Mr;Hthjg;gH. mtH ,t;tpahodd;W me;jj; jpUj;je;ijapd;  ghrj;jpw;Fhpa jhafj;jpw;F jkJ Kjy; jpUg;gazj;ijj; njhlq;fpAs;shH. ,tH fle;j Mf];by; Vw;fdNt xU ntspehl;Lj; jpUg;gazj;ij Nkw;nfhz;bUe;jhYk; ,Jjhd; mtuJ Kjy; ntspehl;Lj; jpUg;gazk; vd;W tj;jpf;fhd; mjpfhhpfs; cl;gl vy;yhuhYk; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. fhuzk; mtH cyf ,isNahH jpdj;jpw;fhf n[Hkdpf;Fr; nrd;w gazk; Kjy; ntspehl;Lj; jpUg;gazkhf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ kiwe;j Kd;dhs; jpUj;je;ijahy; Vw;fdNt jpl;lkplg;gl;bUe;jJ. vdNt ,g;Nghija Nghye;Jf;fhdj; jpUg;gazNk jpUj;je;ij 16 k; MrPHthjg;ghpd; Kjy; ntspehl;Lj; jpUg;gazk;. jdf;F Kd;dH fj;Njhypf;fj; jpUr;rigia Vwj;jho 26 Mz;Lfs; topelj;jpa  jpUj;je;ij ,uz;lhk; mUs; rpd;dg;gUf;F khpahij nrYj;jp mtuJ jha; ehL> jpUr;rig> kiwkhtl;lk;> gpwe;j CH Mfpatw;iw nfsutpf;Fk; Nehf;fj;jpy; ,k;Kjy; ntspehl;Lj; jpUg;gazj;ij mtH Nkw;nfhs;tjhf nghpNahH midtUk; xUtha;g;gl $Wfpd;wdH. tpahod; Nuhk; Neuk; fhiy 8.52 kzpf;F Nghye;J kw;Wk; tj;jpf;fhd; nfhbfs; nghUj;jpapUe;j My; ,j;jhypah rpwg;G tpkhdj;jpy; Nuhk; nyNahdhHNjh jh tpd;rp rHtNjr tpkhd epiyaj;jpypUe;J Nghye;J jiyefH thHrh Nehf;fpg; Gwg;gl;lhH jpUj;je;ij 16 Mk; MrPHthjg;gH. mg;NghJ ,e;jpa Neuk; tpahod; gfy; 12 kzp 22 epkplq;fshFk;. ,j;jhypa muRj; jiytH [hHN[h rhg;Nghyj;jhNdh Tf;Fk;> ,d;Dk; jhd; fle;J nry;Yk; RNyhNtdpah> M];l;hpah kw;Wk; ];Nyhthf; FbauRfspd; muRj; jiytHfSf;Fk; tho;j;Jj; je;jpr; nra;jpfisAk; mDg;gpAs;shH jpUj;je;ij.

 

cyf tiuglj;jpy; Nghye;Jk; n[HkdpAk; mz;il ehLfs;. 1930 fspy; n[Hkdpapd; rHthjpfhhp fpl;yhpd; ehj;rp nfhs;ifapd; fPo; Nghye;J kf;fs; mjpfkhf tijf;fg;gl;lhHfs;;. mr;rkaj;jpy; ,isQHfshf ,Ue;j jpUj;je;ij 2k; mUs; rpd;dg;gUk;> jpUj;je;ij 16 Mk; MrPHthjg;gUk; mtutH ehLfspy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L mf;nfhLikfisg; ghHj;Jf; fz;zPH tbj;jtHfs. mNjhL jq;fsJ kz;zpd; ike;jiu ePz;l fhykhfj; jpUe;je;ijahfg; ghHj;Jg; gofpatHfs; Nghye;J kf;fs;. 1927 ,y; n[Hkdpapd; gNthpahtpy; gpwe;j jpUj;je;ij 16 Mk; MrPHthjg;gH> FUj;Jt khztuhf ,Ue;j NghJ fpl;yhpd; ,isQH jpl;lj;jpy; fye;J nfhs;SkhW gs;sp MrphpaHfs; mtH ngaiug; gjpT nra;jpUe;jdH. vdpDk; mtH ,isQH $l;lq;fSf;Fr; nry;tij epWj;jptpl;lhH. 1943 ,y; n[Hkd; gilapy; NrHf;fg;gl;L Xuhz;L gzpGhpe;jhH. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghhpd; Kbtpy; mnkhpf;f If;fpa ehl;L NghHf; ifjpfs; KfhkpYk; ,Ue;jtH. ,g;gbapUf;Fk; NghJ ,g;Nghija jpUj;je;ijia Nghye;J kf;fs; vt;thW tuNtw;fg; NghfpwhHfs; vd;W Clfq;fs; cl;gl gyUk; Nfs;tp vOg;gpAs;sdH. ,jw;Fg; Nghye;J gpujkH frpkpH khHr;rpd;tp];f; gjpy; nrhy;fpwhH: jpUj;je;ijia md;G nra;fpw kw;Wk; mtUf;F tpRthrkhapUf;fpw xU ehl;bw;F mtH tUfpwhH. Ke;ija jpUj;je;ijf;Ff; nfhLj;j mNj tuNtw;G ,tUf;Fk; ,Uf;Fk; vd;W.

 

 

thHrh xNfa;f;d;r;Nr rHtNjr tpkhdepiyaj;ij cs;SH Neuk; Kw;gfy; 11 kzpf;Fr; nrd;wile;j jpUj;je;ijf;F fpilj;j mNkhf tuNtw;igg; ghHj;j NghJ gpujkhpd; thHj;ijfs; Ehw;Wf;F EhW cz;ik vd;Nw Njhd;wpaJ.  Nghye;J muRj; jiytH nyf; fhr;rpd;];fp mtuJ kidtp> muR mjpfhhpfs;> jyj;jpUr;rig mjpfhhpfs; tuNtw;wdH. xU rpWtDk; rpWkpAk; jpUj;je;ijf;F kyHnfhj;J nfhLj;jdH. ,uhZt mzptFg;G khpahijAk; ,Ue;jJ.

 

gpd;dH mq;F mikf;fg;gl;bUe;j Nkilapy; jpUj;je;ij> muRj; jiytH  kw;Wk; mtuJ kidtpAk; mkHe;jpUe;jdH. Kjypy; muRj; jiytH  jpUj;je;ijia tuNtw;Wg; NgrpdhH.

 

gpd;dH jpUj;je;ijAk; Nghye;J ehl;Lf;fhdj; jkJ Kjy; ciuia toq;fpdhH.

 

Vdf;F Kd;gpUe;j jpUj;je;ij 2k; mUs; rpd;dg;gH gpwe;j ehl;bw;F te;J mq;Fs;s kf;fisr; re;jpf;f Ntz;Lnkd kpFe;j Mty; nfhz;bUe;Njd;. ,j;jpUg;gazk; mj;jpUj;je;ij Fwpj;j  czHTg; G+HtkhdJ kl;Lky;y> tpRthrg;gazKk; MFk;. ,g;gazj;jpd;NghJ Ke;ija jpUj;je;ijf;F neUf;fkhd ,lq;fspy; mjpf Neuj;ijr; nrytplTs;Nsd;. ,j;jpUg;gazj;jpy; M];tpr; ehj;]p tijg;NghH Kfhkpy; rpj;utijfis mDgtpj;j kf;fs; gy;NtW ehLfspypUe;J te;J vd;NdhL re;jpg;ig elj;jTs;shHfs;. xUtiu xUtH kd;dpg;Nghk;. ,iw Ntz;Ljiy Vw;W gioa fhaq;fisf; Fzkhf;FNthk; vd;whH jpUj;je;ij.

 

vz;zw;w kf;fSk;> Nghye;J kw;Wk; tj;jpf;fhd; nfhbfSld; mq;F ,Ue;jdH. tpkhd epiya tuNtw;ig Kbj;J mq;fpUe;J 11 fpNyh kPl;lhpy; ,Uf;fpd;w thHrh Gdpj Nahthd; Nguhyaj;jpw;Fj; jpwe;j fhhpy; nrd;whH jpUj;je;ij. ,q;F  jpUj;je;ij 2k; mUs; rpd;dg;gH 5 jlitfs; nrd;W FUf;fisr; re;jpj;Js;shH. RkhH 1000 NgH mkuf;$ba ,g;Nguhyaj;jpy; jpUj;je;ij 16 k; MrPHthjg;gUk; me;ehl;Lf; FUf;fisr; re;jpj;jhH. Nghye;J gpjhg;gpjh fHjpdhy; NahNrg; fpsk;gpd; tuNtw;Giuf;Fg; gpd;dH jpUj;je;ijAk; ciu toq;fpdhH.

 

fle;j fhyj;jpy; Nghye;J jpUr;rig mDgtpj;j Jd;gq;fis epidTWj;jpa jpUj;je;ij> jq;fs; tPuj;Jt rhl;rpa tho;T %yk; jpUr;rigia capNuhl;lKilajhf tsHj;jtHfis epidT$HNthk; vd;whH. FUf;fNs! cq;fs; FUj;Jt gyj;jpy; ek;gpf;if nfhz;L nray;gLq;fs;. ,NaRtpd; md;gpy; cq;fis %o;fbAq;fs;. flTSf;Fk; kdpjDf;Fk; ,ilNa cwit Cf;Ftpg;gtHfshfr; nray;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W kf;fs; tpUk;Gfpd;wdH. fle;jfhyj; jtWfSf;Fg; gpuhar;rpj;jk; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. tpRthrj;jpy; epiyj;jpUq;fs;. midtUf;Fk; Nritahw;Wq;fs;.

 

Nghuhyaj;jpYs;s kpy;NyNdaj;jpd; gpjhg;gpjh vd;wiof;fg;gLk; fHjpdhy; ];Bgd; it];dh];fp rkhjpapYk; nrgpj;jhH jpUj;je;ij. 96 tpOf;fhL fj;Njhypf;fiuf; nfhz;l Nghye;jpy;  6400 f;F Nkw;gl;l FUj;Jt khztHfs; cs;sdH. NkYk; tj;jpf;fhd; ntspapl;l mz;ik Gs;sptpgu f; fzf;nfLg;gpd;gb 100 FUf;fSf;F 22.5 FUj;Jt khztHfs; tPjk; cs;sdH. Nghye;J FUFyj;jtiur; re;jpj;j gpd;dH jpwe;j fhhpy; kpNjhth NguhaH ,y;yk; nrd;W kjpa czT mUe;jpdhH jpUj;je;ij.  gpd;dH mq;fpUe;J 8 fpNyh kPl;lhpYs;s thHrh jpUg;gPlj; Jhjufk; nrd;W Xa;ntLj;jhH. mthpd; fhH nrd;w rhiyapd; ,UkUq;fpYk; jpushd kf;fs; nfhbfSld; epd;W tho;j;J njhptpj;jdH..

 

khiyapy; muRj; jiytH khspif nrd;W mtiur; re;jpg;gJ kw;Wk; Yhj;jud; Gha jphpj;Jt Myaj;jpy; fpwp];jt rigapdiur; re;jpg;gJ ,k;Kjy; ehs; gazj; jpl;lj;jpy; cs;sd.  nts;sp fhiy thHrh tshfj;jpy; jpUg;gyp epfo;j;JtJ> khiyapy; nr];lf;Nfhth fWg;G khjh jpUj;jyk; nry;tJ ,uz;lhtJ ehs; gazj; jpl;lj;jpy; cs;sd. kf;fs; jpUj;je;ij epfo;j;Jk; jpUg;gypapy; fye;J nfhs;tjw;F trjpahf ,t;nts;sp jpdj;ij Njrpa tpLKiw ehshfTk; mwptpj;Js;sJ muR.

 

,d;Dk; jpUj;je;ijapd; tUifia Kd;dpl;L tpkhdg; Nghf;Ftuj;Jg; ghijfSk; fLk; ghJfhg;gpy; cs;sd. ehl;Lf;Fs; gazk; nra;NthH tof;fkhd Neuj;jpw;F 45 epkplq;fs;> INuhg;ghTf;Fs; gazk; nra;NthH xd;wiu kzp Neuk;> kw;w ehLfSf;Fr; nry;NthH 3 kzp Neuk; Kd;djhf tpkhd epiyaq;fspy; ,Uf;FkhW Nfl;Lf; nfhs;sg;gl;bUf;fpwhHfs;. jpUj;je;ij gazk; nra;Ak; efuq;fspy; kJghdq;fs; tpw;gid nra;tJk; jil nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;eltbf;ifg; ghJfhg;Gf;F kl;Lky;y> jpUj;je;ij kPJ nfhz;bUf;Fk; khpahijia ntspg;gLj;JtjhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;W Njrpa fhty;Jiw mYtyf mjpfhhp ghty; $wpdhH.

 

Nghye;jpy; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd;dH [dehaff; $Wfs; mfw;wg;gl;L 1947 k; Mz;bypUe;J fk;A+dpr $l;L ehLfspy; xd;whdJ. rhyplhHNeh\; njhopw;rq;fj;jpd; Kaw;rpapdhy; [dehafj;jpw;fhd ghij jpwf;fg;gl;lJ. 1989 ,y; ,lk; ngw;w Kjy; [dehafj; NjHjy; eil ngw;wJ. 2004 Nk xd;whe;Njjp INuhg;gpa If;fpa mitapy; ,ize;jJ. tlf;Nf ghy;bf; fliyAk; u];ah ypj;JNtdpahitAk; fpof;Nf cf;Nua;idAk; njw;Nf RNyhthf; kw;Wk; nrf; FbauRfisAk; Nkw;Nf n[HkdpiaAk; vy;iyfshff; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

 

“tpRthrj;jpy; cWjpahapUq;fs;” vd;w RNyhfj;Jld; jpUj;je;ijapd; ,e;j 4 ehl;fs; jpUg;gazk; ,lk; ngWfpwJ. Nghye;J kf;fs; Mokhd tpRthr tho;itf; nfhz;Ls;stHfs;. ,tHfs;  INuhg;ghtpd; jw;Nghija fyhr;rhu rPuoptpy; mbj;Jr; nry;yhjgb mtHfis tpRthr tho;tpy; NkYk; cWjpg;gLj;Jk; Nehf;fpYk; ,j;jpUg;gazj;ij Nkw;nfhz;Ls;shH jpUj;je;ij. 79 tajhFk; jpUj;je;ijf;fhf mthpd; jpUg;gzpf;fhfr; nrgpg;Nghk;.